Seat



March 28, 1939. E. BROSSET 2,152,024

SEAT

Original Filed Sept. 2, 1932 25 (Ittorneg Patented Mar. 28, 1939 UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE 631,493. Divided and this application August 31, 1935, Serial No. 38,846. In France March 8,

7 Claims.

This invention relates to seats of. the type in which the seat and back portions are connected together at a definite angle.

One object of the invention is to so construct 5 the seats that the inclination of the back and seat can be adjusted at will, and be held in the desired adjusted position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a seat of the said rigid seat'and back assembly 19 type in which the assembly as a whole is pivoted within rigid supports.

Another object of the invention is to so construct said pivots that they'are adjustable in position upon said support and resiliently held in 10 such adjusted position.

Other objects and means of the invention more or less broad than those stated above, together with the advantages inherent, will be in part obvious and in part specifically adverted to in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts, and application of principles constituting the present invention, and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended .;.3 claims.

In the accompanying drawing I have indicated, somewhat diagrammatically, certain embodiments of my invention, it being understood that the drawing is intended by way of illustration only, and not by way of limitation.

Fig. 1 is a side view of one embodiment of my invention in which a rigid seat-back assembly is pivotally suspended from the top of the supporting frame.

:55 Fig. 2 is a side view of the same embodiment of my invention modified by a resilient pivotal suspension of the seat-back assembly.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of said resilient pivotal suspension.

i Fig. 4 is a perspective side view of another embodiment of my invention in which the frame upon which the seat-back assembly is pivoted is supported by four legs.

Fig. 4A is a detail .view of the device shown in .5 Fig. 4 as securing the seat to the floor.

Fig. 5 is a partly sectional side View of the seat of Figure 4 with a modified adjusting spring on the seat-back assembly.

Fig. 6 is a side view of another embodiment of so my invention in which the supporting frame is still further modified.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section along line 1'| on Figure 6, looking downward.

The embodiment of the invention shown in 55 Fig. 1, comprises a rigid supporting frame It, consisting' of two members, only one being shown, each having a vertical member 9, a horizontal member I l, and a curved portion l4.

Adjacent the top of vertical member 9 there is a hole, through which rod 8 is passed, and this '5 rod 8 is taken as a center of curvature for member l4.

It is to be noted that by this suspension of the assembly frame from its top, the resulting motion is that of a swing. Every point of the assembly 10 frame moves in the same direction, simultaneously.

If the assembly frame be not secured in a chosen position but be left free to be used somewhat as a rocking chair, the swinging motion is very agreeable, since the head of the occupant moves much less than does the lower part of the body.

Curved member M is provided with a slot l5, for a purpose to be described.

A rigid assembly frame 4, consisting of two parts arranged at right angles, serves as a support for the seat-back assembly. By means of lugs I, located at each side and extending rearwardly adjacent the topof the back supporting portion of frame 4, this assembly frame is suspended upon the rod 8, located adjacent the top of the supporting frame as recited above.

Each side of the seat supporting portion of the assembly frame 4 is furnished with rigidly attached, screw-threaded pins It, so located as to enter slot [5, and having threaded ends and hand nuts, whereby the seat-back assembly can be adjusted to a desired inclination and secured there- Since, when seats are arranged in assembly rooms, aboard ships, in motor cars, and other cars and elsewhere, it is often necessary that they can be secured in a location and be adjusted therein, horizontal portions ll of the supporting frame of this embodiment of my invention may be supplied with clamping sleeves I2, which may be secured to the floor bybolts l3.

When this seat is placed in a desired location, it may be secured therein by screwing down these bolts l3, whereby the clamping sleeves are tightened. When the seat is to be moved forward or backward, bolts l3 are loosened, the seat moved as desired and the bolts again securely tightened.

The seat may also be used without these sleeves, when it can be placed in any desired location or used as household furniture.

The above description serves in general for that of the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig,

2, except that, instead of the seat portion of the seat-back assembly frame carrying pins which enter slots IS, a link 26 is pivotally secured to said seat support near its juncture with the back supporting portion, as at point 21, and carries at its forward end a pin l6 movable in slot l5, and adapted to be adjustably secured therein.

This embodiment, shown in Figure 2, also differs from that of Figure 1 in the structure of the top ends of the supporting frame.

In this embodiment, lugs 1' are placed somewhat below the top of the seat-back assembly and rod 8' which passes through them is resiliently supported within posts 9'.

The details of this resilient support are shown in Figure 3. Posts 9 are tubular and furnished with slots 28 on each side of each through the inside one of which rod 8' passes. Within each post 9' is a disk 2|, which also is fixed upon the end of rod 8. Above this disk is spring 22 and below it spring 23. The upper end of spring 23 presses against the bottom of disk 2|, and the lower end of spring 22 against its top. The tension of these two springs is adjusted by means of rod or bolt 38, which has a cap shaped top end resting upon posts 9' and whose lower end is threaded into a disk 25, which is prevented from turning by any usual means,

On the outer sides of disks 2| are secured pins 39 which pass through the outer slots and are furnished with washers and nuts to secure them within the slots.

It is easily seen that it is possible to produce a modified rocking motion of the seat-back assembly of this embodiment and that, if this seat be upon a moving vehicle, jars are avoided because of the action of springs 22 and 23.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure 4, the supporting frame consists of substantially vertical rear posts 9", and front posts 36 which are continued at their tops to form arms 28, integrally secured to the rear posts. Said frontposts 36 are united by a tie 33, upon which are mounted hooks 34, that engage in eye-bolts screwed into the floor to hold the seat in desired location and also to permit its being tipped forward when desired. It is selfevident, however, that these hooks and eye-bolts may be omitted without changing the scope of my invention.

In this embodiment of my invention the seatback assembly is pivoted upon rod 8 at a point near the top of posts 9" and a reinforcing brace i4 is secured to a point near the lower end of rear posts 9" at one end and at the other end to the top end of front posts 36.

This brace is curved on rod 8" as a center, and has a slot l5 in its rear portion. The brace is also tubular and contains spring 3| which rests against the rear posts at 30, and presses pivots [6", which are rigidly fixed upon the seat portion of the seat-back assembly, forward and upward.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure 6, spring 2 is inserted in a recess in the back of the seat-back assembly, and pivots l6 are omitted.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure 5, the front posts 36' are bent backward to form arms 28, which are integrally attached to the rear posts 9", and at their lower ends front posts 36 are bent backwardly and permanently attached to the feet of rear posts 9" which they support. These extensions of the front posts rest upon the floor, and enable the seats to be freely moved to any desired location.

In this embodiment, also, curved reinforcing purpose, but they can be used either in vehicles, 7|,

brace W is permanently secured to the front posts, at a convenient point, and to the lower end of the back posts. This brace is curved, tubular, and carries a slot l5 through which pins Ifi' pass. Upon these pins links 26 are pivoted at one end, their other ends being pivoted to the seat portion of the seat-back assembly, near its rear end.

Within brace l4' spring 3! is located, resting against the rear post at one end, the other end pressing pivot I 6 forward and upward.

This spring forces the swinging seat into its forward position when it is unoccupied and when pin IB is not clamped against the reinforcing brace.

In Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, pins l6, l6, l6, and I6', respectively, are threaded and furnished with hand nuts, whereby the seat-back assembly can be adjusted and secured in desired position by clamping said nuts against the reinforcing brace. To avoid crushing the brace, the pin may carry a thimble of length only a little less than the diameter of the brace, as is usual when the movement of a nut must be rigidly limited.

In each of said figures only one reinforcing brace is shown, the other one being hidden by the body of the seat.

The nut above described is shown only on Figure 1, where it has the character i 8.

The upper portion of posts 9" is tubular, and

constructed as posts 9' in Figure 2, the seat-back assembly being pivoted thereto in the identical manner as in that figure.

In any of these embodiments of my invention the seat-back assembly may have cushions attached in any convenient way, and of any convenient material, or no cushion may be employed at the will of the owner.

The cushion may also be integral for both portions or separate.

The various adjustments and uses of these various embodiments are self-evident, but attention is now called to a few of them.

In the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the seat may be shifted forward or backward, and secured in the desired position, and this is true, in fact, of all the embodiments shown except that of Figure 6, since in all other figures pivot l6 may be clamped in position.

In the embodiment of Figure 4 the seat can be secured in any location by means of hooks 34 and eye-bolts 31, or these may be omitted from the structure and the seat then will be freely movable.

In those embodiments wherein the spring is found within the brace M, the pivots may be left free, and then the position or inclination of the seat-back assembly will depend upon the strength of spring 3|.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, the seat-back assembly cannot be locked in position.

In the embodiments of my invention shown by Figures 2 and 5, when the pivots have been locked in position by hand nuts l8 oscillation of rods 8' and 8 is possible, and the links 26 or 26" permit also a vertical motion of the seat, and at the same time, impart a slight forward and backward motion thereof, thus giving the assembly a quasi-rocking chair motion.

It is evident, also, that these seats will in great degree relieve jolts occurring When these seats are used in moving vehicles,

It is to be noted that this specification does not limit use of the seats to any particular ships, airplanes, theatres, churches, lecture rooms, school rooms, oflices or as household or lawn furniture. They may be built as single chairs, or as benches to accommodate a iarge' number of persons, or as sofas, or in any size units.

Since certain changes may be made the above construction, and different embodiments of the invention can be made Without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

This application is a division of my co-pending application Serial Number 631,493, filed September 2, 1932.

I claim:

1. In a seat a supporting frame, an assembly frame consisting of a seat support and a back support arranged in fixed angular relation thereto and upwardly curved arms attached to the rear of the supporting frame near the bottom thereof, resilient pivot means adjacent the top of the assembly frame and the supporting frame, for pivotally and resiliently suspending said assembly frame upon said supporting frame, whereby said assembly frame may perform, as a unit, a combined swinging and vertical movement, and means, associated with said upwardly curved arms for securing said assembly frame in any desired position about said pivot means.

2. A seat as recited in claim 1 in which the means for securing the assembly frame in desired angular relation to the supporting frame is itself resiliently supported.

3. A seat, comprising end members each having a substantially vertical rear post, a substantially vertical front post, and arm members uniting said front and rear posts, a seat-back assembly pivotally attached adjacent the upper end of said rear posts, a slotted tubular member fixedly uniting said rear and front posts and curved upon the said pivotal attaching means as a center, and means fixed to the seat-back assembly and working in said slot for adjustably securing said as sembly in a desired position.

4. A seat as described in claim 3, having a spring in said slotted tubular member between the rear end of said member and the adjusting means attached to the seat-back assembly whereby said assembly may be resiliently maintained in an inclined position.

5. In a seat as described in claim 3, a tie, rigidly securing the front posts thereof in fixed relation to each other, and means mounted upon said tie adapted to cooperate with means attached to the floor for maintaining said seat in fixed location and to permit forward tipping of the seat.

5. A seat, comprising a supporting frame having end members comprising substantially vertical rear posts, front posts substantially parallel therewith, the said front posts at their upper ends being bent to form arms extending to the rear posts and rigidly attached thereto, and bent at their lower ends to form members supporting said rear posts and permanently attached to said lower ends thereof, a tubular arcuate member uniting the lower end of the rear posts and the front posts, a slot in said arcuate members, a seatback assembly having the seat and back portions thereof rigidly attached in angular relation, means adjacent the top thereof and of the supporting frame by which it is pivotally suspended therefrom and link means associated with said seat-back assembly and said slot to maintain said assembly oscillatorily in desired position.

7. A seat as described in claim 6, having a spring in the arcuate member, the rear end of said spring pressing against the rear post, and the front end thereof resiliently supporting the pivot which carries the front end of said linkage means.

ELOI BROSSET. 

